Cosmic rays are a key non-thermal component of galaxies, yet their transport through the interstellar medium remains difficult to model because the ISM is turbulent, magnetized, multi-phase, and often only partially ionized. In this talk, I will discuss how these realistic ISM conditions reshape TeV–PeV cosmic-ray diffusion. I will show that MHD turbulence drives perpendicular superdiffusion through magnetic-field-line wandering, while compressibility, magnetic mirroring, ion–neutral damping, and thermal phase transitions regulate parallel scattering and confinement. These effects are especially important in cold and partially ionized gas, as well as for TeV–PeV cosmic rays propagating through a multi-phase ISM. I will also discuss how these transport mechanisms may help interpret recent LHAASO observations of Galactic PeVatrons and their extended TeV–PeV gamma-ray emission.

本次讲座围绕高铁运营检测监测技术发展展开分享。当前，安全监测是高铁高效运营的重要保障，行业正从传统人工巡检向数字化、智能化、一体化运维转型，唯有坚持技术自主创新、深耕工程实践，才能攻克复杂工况技术难题，支撑交通强国建设。一是梳理高铁检测监测技术发展历程与行业应用价值；二是介绍轨道、桥梁、接触网、车辆等全系统检测装备与核心技术；三是分析高原、山区等特殊场景应用难点与现存短板；四是展望装备国产化、数字孪生、智能感知、多系统协同监测等未来发展趋势。 本次讲座兼具专业深度与榜样力量，对学生具有深刻启迪与价值引领。一方面，帮助同学们明晰轨道交通领域前沿技术与行业发展方向，拓宽专业视野，树立理论结合实践的治学理念。另一方面，以行业大师、劳动模范的从业经历与攻关故事为载体，引导学生学习精益求精的工匠精神、攻坚克难的奋斗精神。激励学子立足地学与交通学科优势，心怀 “国之大者”，主动对接国家重大工程需求，坚定专业理想，立志投身铁路事业，以所学所长服务交通强国建设，成长为担当民族复兴大任的高素质工程人才。